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The ceremony of birth and Kanien’kehá:ka Mohawk ancestral wisdom: By Toni-Leah Yake

volc8no October 26, 2016     Indigenous & Colonialism

 

Artwork by Toni-Leah Yake

Artwork by Toni-Leah Yake

The role of motherhood in Kanien’kehá:ka Mohawk and Haudenosaunee societies

Imagining Turtle Island prior to Euro-colonial invasion, I am strengthened. Kanien’kehá:ka Mohawk ancestral societies were constructed on matriarchal power relations. I am part of this matriarchal society, as a Turtle Clan blood member. These ways of relating to each other extend to future generations, are secured by past ones, and also reach into Haudenosaunee people’s creations. For my children, I carry this to pass along. As Michi Saagiig Nishnaabeg writer and activist Leanne Simpson says, “I am a link in a chain” connecting the concepts of past, present, and future.

Within traditional clan affiliations of Haudenosaunee peoples there is no singular, definitive word or role for mother. In “Status of Woman in Iroquois Polity Before 1784” Haudenosaunee linguist and essayist JNB Hewitt recorded, “The first and highest term is that of mother, which has a much broader and deeper meaning here than it has among white people; it is applied not only to the actual mother but to all her sisters and to all women of her generation in the collateral lines of decent.”

This means that I am a mother to all children born to Turtle Clan women in my generation and in the generations that came before me. In addition, all Turtle Clan women born in previous generations to me are my mothers.

So I carry obligations to ancestral wisdoms and understandings. These are transformative things. Yet, how can we live in accordance with them in a colonized society that consistently rejects Indigenous ways of knowing and being?  Where is space sacred to channel guidance from ancestral voices?

Living within cultural diasporas, as many Indigenous peoples do, I grapple with my identity through questions like these. These questions remain with my spirit like visitors or guests, as I reside as an uninvited guest upon Coast Salish lands.

The transformative power of birth

Surprisingly, yet understandably, the ceremony of birth has become a transformative answer.

Within Kanien’kehá:ka society, birth is a tradition that is governed through women’s power. Commonly, matriarchs within clans assist pregnant woman, as doulas and midwives, with birth and preconception practices. Matriarchs are communal keepers of birth knowledge, collectively responsible to expectant mothers. They assist in opening channels between worlds of spirits and the plane perceived as Earth. Birth ceremonies and preconception practices connect to Kanien’kehá:ka creation stories. In Kanien’kehá:ka wisdom, human genesis from ethereal planes is embedded within genetic knowledge and blood memories.

The story of Atsi’tsiaka:ion, Skywoman

As the story sometimes goes, Atsi’tsiaka:ion (mature flower), or Skywoman, a pregnant spiritual being slides through a vortex torn open by an uprooted tree. Skyworld, separated from the amniotic, oceanic realm of Earth by a thin membrane, cried out in loneliness to Atsi’tsiaka:ion. Co-creating with spirits of Earth and Skyworld, Skywoman symbolically becomes a zygote impregnating Earth’s womb. Through Atsi’tsiaka:ion’s birth, she links the spirit world to the physical world, and becomes a link within a process that continually completes itself. Atsi’tsiaka:ion helps to create the world that Kanien’kehá:ka peoples now live in.

Ancestral gifts of creation knowledges are honourable things, and exploring knowledge bases from a time and a world where patriarchy did not exist is akin to reading maps of decolonization.

Learning from Skywoman leads me to support women in prison

One way I envision following this map of decolonization is through supporting incarcerated, pregnant Indigenous sisters, and by practicing ancestral teachings and ways of knowing within places of systemic oppressions. Being involved in prisons to provide support to midwives and doulas as well as to pregnant women within their pregnancy ceremonies has the potential to decolonize aspects of our contemporary world.

Places of the greatest oppressions have historically become fertile soil for revolution. As one of the first infants to be allowed entrance within British Columbia’s penitentiary system with their mother, I know this to be true, and as a link within the chain I continue with the blood memory of my people.

The following words from Lee Maracle’s poem “Creation” sums up what I have learned about Indigenous motherhood:

The farther backward

In time I travel

The more grandmothers

And the farther forward

The more grandchildren

I am obliged to both.

 

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2 Comments

  1. GK
    ― October 26, 2016 - 10:09 pm  Reply

    Very interesting and informative article.
    GK

  2. Site Title
    ― April 24, 2017 - 8:55 pm  Reply

    […] http://thevolcano.org/2016/10/26/the-ceremony-of-birth/ […]

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Sad Siren Song: By Tracey Morrison

― February 12, 2017

Community Spotlight: Jean Swanson

For our issue on the BC Liberal legacy, Volcano editors turned to our Community Spotlight on a legacy of our own to highlight her over 40 years of anti-poverty work. Jean Swanson is an editor with The Volcano alongside her work with the Carnegie Community Action Project. She previously worked with the Downtown Eastside Residents’ Association (DERA) and is the author of a book titled Poorbashing: The Politics of Exclusion.

You’ve been active in anti-poverty work for a long time. What has been the biggest realization that you have had with regards to poverty in this province? Has your understanding or approach to government changed over time and through experience?

My approach to government has definitely changed. Back in 1979, I actually ran as an NDP MLA candidate because I thought being involved in electoral politics was a way of implementing the things you’ve been fighting for in the community. I ran with COPE for city council too, along with my co-workers Bruce Eriksen and Libby Davies, who were elected. In those days it seemed possible to get city council to do some good things for the Downtown Eastside if we worked hard at it: fund the Carnegie Centre, pass a Standards of Maintenance bylaw, put sprinklers in the hotels.

In the early 90s, after the NDP cut welfare and brought in a whole poorbashing framework to justify it, I couldn’t bring myself to vote at all, let alone run for office.

Read more about Jean Swanson's commitment to anti-poverty organizing here.

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